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Even earlier, in October 1933, Leo Szilard, a Hungarian physicist, had begun to sketch the features of a chain reaction. By 1935, he was frightened enough to begin to urge his colleagues toward a policy of secrecy and restraint regarding research that might lead to the use of nuclear weapons. In 1938 and 1939, further research made it clear to the Olympian few of modern physics that the making of nuclear weapons was indeed feasible. Szilard, now joined by Enrico Fermi and others, renewed efforts to persuade scientists to stop working in this direction. They failed. As it became clear that physicists everywhere would understand the potential of nuclear weapons, the same inner circle changed their goal. Now the aim was to develop the bomb before the Nazis got it. In this aim they succeeded.